Critical Documents: Egypt

Egypt’s Day of Anger
Khairi Abaza, The National Interest

This article, written shortly after the start of the Egyptian revolution, gives insight to the perspectives at the time. On January 25, 2011, the protests began with a “Day of Anger.” The Mubarak regime, desperate to maintain power, responded with violence. Abaza questions the fate of the sixty year militant establishment, concluding that anything but peaceful compromise will result in continued protest.

The Crisis of Government Isn’t Over
The Economist

President Morsi has been subject to heavy criticism since taking office. Since his advancement of a referendum in December for a new constitution, the Egyptian political sphere has become increasingly polarized between Islamists and those opposing their agenda. Also adding to the public distrust of Morsi, the economy has suffered and unemployment has increased. Protestors have returned, and once again the country’s administration is under scrutiny.

Navigating Egypt’s Political Crisis
Issandr El Amrani, The European Council on Foreign Relations

Recent tension between Islamists, secularists, and the military has resulted in the worst political crisis since the resignation of Mubarak. This struggle is dissected, and Amrani highlights the problematic segments of the proposed constitution. Leaders of each of these groups are encouraging public demonstrations, preventing an ultimate resolution.

Preventing Politics in Egypt
Marina Ottaway, Foreign Affairs

The introduction of a new constitution has angered secularists, who believe that Egyptian politics will return to a pre-revolutionary authoritarian state. Islamists welcome the formal democracy, as their party is more organized and chances are they will win. Ottaway argues that neither side is acting democratically, and therefore reconciliation between the two sides is not yet conceivable.

Egypt: New Constitution Mixed on Support of Rights
Human Rights Watch

The controversial constitution was approved by the constituent assembly on November 29, 2012. This constitution presents both concerns and victories. Women’s rights are no longer subject to Islamic law, and are considered equal before the law. However, only Abrahamic religions are protected, all other religions are constitutionally discriminated against.